KARIMNAGAR DISTRICT PROFILE

Karimnagar district is one of the few districts in the state endowed with vast natural resources both for agriculture and Industries.This district as made rapid strides in agriculture production since the advent of Sree Rama Sagar Project (SRSP), which covers 35 mandals in the district. The district is situated between 17o-50' -0' and 19o-05'-00' Northern latitude and 78o-29'-0' and 80o-22'-00' Eastern latitude. The mighty Godavari River forms Northern and Eastern boundary of the district, separating it from Adilabad district. The distriict is bordered in the South by Warangal and Medak Districts,in the North by Adilabad dsitrict, in West Nizamabad district and in the East by Baster district of Madya Pradesh.

The District comprises of 10 agriculture divisions consisting of 57 mandals,with a Geographical area of 11,89,004 hectares. According to the 1991 population census,the total population of the district is 30.37 lakhs. The density of the population being 257 for sq.Km. with 37.17 literacy. As per 1991 censes total No. of cultivators in the district are 4.58 lakhs which comes to 15.1 percent total to the population. The Agriculture laborers are 5.28 lakhs which is 17.39%.



Karimnagar District Map
Agroclimatological situation
The climatic conditions of the district are moderate to extreme and the Ramagundam area is known to be one of the hot places in the state. The months of March,April and May expericed severe summer and normally monsoon sets in the month of June.Based on the temparature and rainfall pattern,the district has classified as sub tropical semi-arid area.

The normal rainfall of the district is 792.2 mms as against 896mms of the state. Nearly 80 % of the total rainfall is generally received in South-West monsoons period,i.e. June to September. The normal distribution of rainfall as against the rainfall recevied during 2002-2002 is as below.

Agroecolagical situation
According to the rainfall, soil types and irrigation sources the following Agro Ecological situations are identified in the Karimnagar District.

High Rainfall - Black Soils - Rainfed Conditions
Mahadevpoor, Kataram, Maha Mutharam, Malhar, Manthani & Manthani Mutharam

Medium Rainfall - Red Soils - Having Irrigation
Sulthanabad, Odela,  Dharmaram, Velgatoor, Julapalli,  Eligedu, Huzurabad, Veenavanka,  Elkathurthi, Manakondur,  Shankarapatnam,  Ranmagundam, Metpalli,  Mallapur,  Korutia,  Jagtial,  Maidpalli,  Sarangapoor,  Dharmaopuri, lbrahimpatnam, Pegadapalli, Raikal & Karimnagar

Medium Rainfall - Black Soils - Having Irrigation
Peddapalli,  Jammikunta,  Srirampur,  Kamalapoor,  Kamanpoor,  Gollapalli & Choppadadndi

Low Rainfall - Black Soils - Rainfed Conditions
Vernulawada. Beiianki. Saidaooor. Chendurthi & Boinoalli

Low Rainfall - Red Soils - Rainfed
Sircilla,  Yellareddipet,  Gambhiraopet,  Mustabad,  Ellanthakunta,  Konaraopet, Kodimyal,  Kathlapur, Mallial,  Koheda,  Chigurumanriidi,  Bheerndeverpally, Husnabad, Thimmapur, Ramadugu & Gangadhara

Topography and Soils
Topographically the district can be broadly classified as an unadulated terrene prunctuated with north-west and south-east running hill ranges. Isolated smooth rounded hillock called Inselburges spread over throughout. The district forest cover is mostly confined to the hill ranges in the East, West and Northern regions of the Destrict.

SOILS
Soils of the district are predominanatly sandy loan and red chelkas interspersed with B.C.Soils. The soils of the district in general are shallow with low fertility status except part of Peddapalli, Manthani, Jagtial and Metpalli area and soils among the banks of Godavari river and its attributes Manair. The soils exhibit a significant responsiveness to better management practices and balanced use of manures and fertilizers.

SOILS FERTILITY STATUS OF KARIMNAGAR DISTRICT
pH
In general the pH of the soil is found to be 7.5 to 8.5. The alkaline pockets are also identified under Chandragiri Vagu Project, Ayacut of Sircilla MAndal and also in the villages of Gagillapur, Dacharam, Thotapalli of Bejjanki MAnda, and in some pockets of Husnabad Mandal.

Electrical Conductivity
The electrical conductivity is normal i.e. soluble salts in the soils are within the normal limits ( the normal limits of sandy soils is up to 4 milliohms pere c.m. and for clay type of soils is up to 2 milliohms /c.m.)

Organic Carbon
The organic carbon content of the soils is generally low (less than 0.5%).

Available Phosphorus
The available phosphorus content of the soils is also low(i.e. less than 20kg/hect.)

Available Potash
The available potash content of the soil is generally medium to high(i.e. 150 kg to 300 kg/hect.).

Zinc
The soils are generally deficient in Zinc.

LAND UTILIZATION PATTERN
The land use patter of Karimnagar district is as follows .





Karimnagar District Mandal Details

Item

Item

Unit of Measure

Figure

Source

Area

Sq.km.

11823.00

Census 2001

Population

In Thousands

3477.07

"

Male

In Thousands

1738.24

"

Female

In Thousands

1738.83

"

Urban

In Thousands

678.94

"

Rural

In Thousands

2798.13

"

Population Growth (decadal)

%

+14.47

"

Population Density (Person/Sq.Km)

Ratio

294

"

Literacy

%

56

"

Male

%

67.86

"

Female

%

44.19

"

Urbanisation

%

20.55

Census 1991

Workers as % of total population

%

50.32

"

Workers % of main Workers

 

 

 

Agriculture & allied activities

%

68.02

"

Mining & Quarrying

%

2.94

"

Mfg.(Non-household) industries

%

7.04

"

 

Geographical Profile
Sl

Sl.No.

Description

Area in Hect.

Percentage

1

Geographical area

11,89,004

100.0

2

Forest

2,50,229

21.0

3

Barren and Uncultivable lands

84,184

7.1

4

Land put to non-agricultural use.

80,157

6.7

5

Permanent pastures & grazing land

54,867

4.6

6

Miscellaneous tree crops and grooves.

7,131

0.6

7

Cultivable waste

19,210

1.6

8

Other fallow lands.

51,969

4.4

9.

Current fallow lands.

2,56,120

21.5

10

Net area sown.

3,85,137

32.4

11

Total cropped area

5,85,822

49.3

12

Area sown more than once.

1,33,723

11.2

 

 


Irrigation facilities
Karimnagar district has been identified as intensive agricultural economic zone. The total irrigated area in the district constitutes 50.78% of the total cropped area. The irrigated area under wells accounts for 99,369 hect. following by the tanks, kuntas 65,122, canals 54,642, Medium Irrigation 17,574 and lift irrigations schemes 2,061 hectares.
Sl

Sl.No

Source

Area in Ha.

1

Major Irrigation Project-SRSP

54,642

2

Medium IRrigation Projects.

 

 

a) Manair Project (Normal)

5,290

 

b) Shanigaram Project

2,065

 

c) Boggulavagu Project

2,085

 

d) Gangamala & Yakeenpura Project

8,134

3

Minor Irrigation Projects(5,479 Nos) Tanks & Kuntas.

65,122

4

Irrigation wells (2,32,689) Nos.

99,369

5

Lift Irrigation (859 Nos)

2061

 

 Total

238768

 

CROPPING PATTERN
Out of the total cropped area of 3.53 lakhs hectares in the district ,the food grains like, paddy,maize,jower account for 1.82 lakh hectares,which workout to more than 51.5 %.Among millet,maize is an important crop grown in this district accountin for 15.3 % of the total cropped area. The district accounts for nearly 40 % of the total maize area of the state. Among other crops,pulses and oilseeds accounts for 20.3 % and 6.8 % of total cropped area.

The most important crops grown among several other crops during kharif or Paddy. Cotton, Maize,Greengram. Sugarcane and Turmeric. Horse gram is usally shown under late kharif conditions on marginal soils. Normally under major, medium and minar irrigation sources kharif Rice is followed Rice during Rabi. It has been mentioned earlier, well irrigation is a predominant feature in the district and under this source,rice is grown during kharif following by I.D.crops during Rabi except where the soil conditions permit only wet cultivation.

Sowing of paddy nurseries usally commence from last week of May under wells, and continue up to July depending up on the onset of South- West mansoon. The transplanting of paddy commence from second fortnight of June and continue of to last week of September depending up on the receipt of water in irrigation sources.

In dry -lands kharif Greengram, Groundnut, Maize and Cotton & followed by Chillies. Likewise, Kharif Maize is followed by Rabi Groundnut in Karimnagar and Peddapally Divisions while in Jagtial and Metpally tracs,Turmeric and Chillies of area taken-up as relay crop during Rabi. An area of about 2400 hect in under Sugarcane which is chifly confirmed to Metpally, Korutla, Mallapoor,Ibrahimpatnam and Ghambhiraopet Mandals. Cotton is soon in an area of about 89,000 hect during 2001-2002.

Field studies have revealed that production problems difer significantly from situation to situation and what is needed is a specific tecnical package for each situation. Therefore it is thought proper to identify the various Farming situations in the mandals to the extent possible,identify the factors responsible for gap between potential and existing in each case and try to bridge the same in systematic manner.

Accordingly after detailed studie 17 situations were identified. The present productivity,Potential and gap is arrived at long with the factors responsible for the gap. The district plan is prepared with a view to increase productivity by reducing cost of the production. Paddy , Maize, Greengram, Groundnut and Cotton are the main crop grown in the district during Kharif .

Farming Situations in the District
Rain fed – Red soils
Rain fed – Black soils
Tank fed – Red soils
Tank fed – Black soils
Well fed – Red soils
Well fed – black soils
Tank supported by Canals – Red soils
Tank supported by Canals – Black soils
Wells supported by Tanks – Red soils
Wells supported by Tanks – Black soils
Wells supported by Canals – Red soils
Wells supported by Canals – Black soils
Canal fed – Red soils
Canal fed – Black soils
Problem soils














HORTICULTURE ACTIVITIES
The district is well suited for dry land horticulture. The water stress areas offer good scope for shifting to horticulture crops. The predominant horticulture crops grown are Mange, Sweet ORange, Spices like Turmeric and Chillies etc., There is steady increase in the area under horticulture crops in the district during the last decade, this is an account of higher net returns, less water and labour requirement in horticulture crops.

The long term potential for horticulture has been estimated taking into account the area under current fallows and old fallows which is 293807 Hectares (24.70%) and 53189 Hectares (4.8%) therefore the total area suitable for dry land horticulture would be 346996 Hectares (29.5% of Geographical area). The area under orchards presently is around 17258 Hectares (1.97% of Geographical area). The district is suitable for many horticultural crops such as Guava, Ber, Pomogranate, Tamarind, Amla, Aromatic and Medicinal and Floriculture etc., apart from Mango and Sweet Oranges.

The long term potential is assessed at 20% of the fallow lands ie., 69,400 hectares from the data published by Chief Planning Officer predominance of fallow lands are found in KArimnagar, Manakondur, Thimmapur, Choppadandi, Chigurumamidi, Huzarabad, Veenavanka, Kamalapur, Kathlapur, Sultanabad mandals. To start with, these areas can be considered.

The proposed area under horiculture crops are as under for taking plantation during next ten years.


Sl

Sl.No.

Name of the crop

Area in Ha.

1.

Mango

13800

2

Sweet Orange

7000

3

Ber

3400

4

Pomengranate

7000

5

Aromatic Plants

7000

6

Floriculture

500

7

Tamarind

9700

 

TOTAL

48400

 

ABSTRACT

Sl.No.

Name of the crop

Area in Hectares

Expected production
in lakh tonnes

1

Fruits

17253.00

3.491

2

Vegetables

2976.00

0.516

3

Floriculture

38.00

0.000532

4

Spices

22753.00

1.190128

5

Medicinal & Aromatic Plants

114.80

0.0009682

 

TOTAL

45136.20

51986282

 

Fisheries in the District
Karimnagar district is endowed with potential water sources having (607) departmental tanks and (2) Major reservoirs and nearly above 5,000 G.P. tanks with 45000 Hectares of water spread area. Apart from the above sources, the godavario River is also passing through with a distance of 182 Sq.Miles starting from Mula Rampoor village of Ibrahimpatnam Mandal of Srivancha of Kataram Mandal.

The potentialities of fisheries in the district are Godavari river which forms the boundary on the Northern side of the district and Manner river which traverses through the Manthani Mandal bifurcating the sultanabad and Manakondure Mandals and Karimnagar and Ellanthakunta proceeding towards Sirsilla, Mustabad and Gambhiraopet Mandals. There are four fish seed farms in this district. The fish seed produced at these four centres is sold to 213 fishermen cooperative societies, Grampanchayats private pisciculturists and fish farmers development agency.

The activities are
1.  Fish seed production and collection.
2.  Fish seed distribution.
3.  Disposal of tanks.
4.  Organisation and inspection of fishermen cooperative societies.
5.  Issue of fishing permits for fishing in reservoirs and rivers.
6.  Implementation of plant schemes.
7.  Welfare activites of fishermen community and Scheduled Castes  and Scheduled Tribes.

I. FISH PRODUCTION
All activites are oriented to achieve the objective of optimizing fish production. The activites include extension support to the primary fishermen Co-operative Societiies, fish farmers and entreprenuers, production and supply of quality see, coverage of water sources under fish culture pratice and encouraging stocking of advanced fingerlings in the reserviors through formation of self Help Groups.

II. PRAWN PRODUCTION:
At present prawn is exploited from Godavari river and production is very meager. The prawn culture is in infancy. Identified water sources and fallow (Waterlogged) lands suitable for prawn culture and encouraging, pisciculturists through motivation and technical support and adoption of poly culture (fish & Prawn culture) in suitable tanks.
Horticulture in the District

Mandal Code

Mandal Name

Mandal Code

Mandal Name

Mandal Code

Mandal Name

1

Ibrahimpatnam

20

Jagtial

39

Vemulawada

2

Mallapur

21

Medipalle

40

Konaraopeta

3

Raikal

22

Koratla

41

Yella Reddi Peta

4

Sarangapur

23

Metpalle

42

Gambhiraopet

5

Dharmapuri

24

Kathlapur

43

Mustabad

6

Velgatoor

25

Chandurthi

44

Sirsilla

7

Ramagundam

26

Kodimial

45

Ellanthakunta

8

Kamanpur

27

Gangadhara

46

Bejjanki

9

Manthani

28

Mallial

47

Thimmapur

10

Kataram

29

Pegadapalle

48

Kesavapatnam

11

Mahadevpur

30

Choppadandi

49

Huzurabad

12

Mutharam Mahadevpur

31

Sultanabad

50

Kamalapur

13

Malharrao

32

Odela

51

Elkathurthi

14

Mutharam Manthani

33

Jammikunta

52

Saidapur

15

Srirampur

34

Veenavanka

53

Chigurumamidi

16

Peddapalle

35

Manakondur

54

Koheda

17

Julapalle

36

Karimnagar

55

Husnabad

18

Dharmaram

37

Ramadugu

56

Bheemadevarpalle

19

Gollapalle

38

Boinpalle

57

Eligaid

 

HORTICULTURE ACTIVITIES
The district is well suited for dry land horticulture. The water stress areas offer good scope for shifting to horticulture crops. The predominant horticulture crops grown are Mango, Sweet Orange, Spices like Turmeric and Chillies etc., There is steady increase in the area under horticulture crops in the district during the last decade, this is an account of higher net returns, less water and labour requirement in horticulture crops.

The long term potential for horticulture has been estimated taking into account the area under current fallows and old fallows which is 293807 Hectares (24.70%) and 53189 Hectares (4.8%) therefore the total area suitable for dry land horticulture would be 346996 Hectares (29.5% of Geographical area). The area under orchards presently is around 17258 Hectares (1.97% of Geographical area). The district is suitable for many horticultural crops such as Guava, Ber, Pomogranate, Tamarind, Amla, Aromatic and Medicinal and Floriculture etc., apart from Mango and Sweet Oranges.

The long term potential is assessed at 20% of the fallow lands ie., 69,400 hectares from the data published by Chief Planning Officer predominance of fallow lands are found in Karimnagar, Manakondur, Thimmapur, Choppadandi, Chigurumamidi, Huzarabad, Veenavanka, Kamalapur, Kathlapur, Sultanabad mandals. To start with, these areas can be considered.

The proposed area under horticulture crops is as under for taking plantation during next ten years.



S.No.
Year
Normal Rainfall (mm)
Received Rainfall (mm)
Deficit/Excess (mm)
1
1996-1997
912
1268
+356.0
2
1997-1998
912
717.3
-194.7
3
1998-1999
912
1120.8
+208.8
4
1999-2000
912
1092.7
+180.70
5
2000-2001
912
1305.9
+393.9
6
2001-2002
912
787.2
-124.8
7
2002-2003
912
563.2
-448.8
8
2003-2004
912
714.0
-198.0
9
2004-2005
912
519.6
-392.4
10
2005-2006
912
854.8
-57.2
Rainfall during from 1996 to 2006

S.No

Crop

2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
Normal Area (ha)
Area
(ha)
Produ
ctivity (kg/ha)
Area
(ha)
Produ
ctivity (kg/ha)
Area (ha)
Produ
ctivity (kg/ha)
Area (ha)
Produ
ctivity (kg/ha)
Area (ha)
Produ
ctivity (kg/ha)
1
Rice
98866
85300
3563
34928
8261
46518
4064
19468
2600
111890
3800
2
Jowar
2904
1029
807
2220
858
1430
900
3876
650
1600
650
3
Maize
32976
36580
4800
34807
4635
46133
4952
35425
4500
41624
5000
4
Bengalgram
733
1262
700
4117
370
7752
450
6384
500
16686
600
5
Blackgram
83
2347
600
4319
580
1719
835
2495
750
900
800
6
Groundnut
1759
20251
2000
14280
1720
20212
2385
16764
1500
22000
2000
7
Sesamum
3095
4017
130
2493
410
2025
550
3890
400
985
500
Area and Productivity during the Rabi season

S.No

Crop

2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
Normal Area (ha)
Area
(ha)
Produ
ctivity (kg/ha)
Area
(ha)
Produ
ctivity (kg/ha)
Area (ha)
Produ
ctivity (kg/ha)
Area (ha)
Produ
ctivity (kg/ha)
Area (ha)
Produ
ctivity (kg/ha)
1
Rice
142638
127450
3324
125455
2578
128369
3494
53405
3000
125312
3750
2
Maize
68618
54137
4052
71528
2664
120336
3537
97258
2550
150576
3826
3
Greengram
32883
32671
337
26299
175
38823
367
13660
150
21253
450
4
Redgram
5899
4750
550
5650
340
15313
750
9485
450
40500
750
5
Groundnut
6534
4453
592
2364
624
2055
684
1690
600
960
1072
6
Sesamum
436
102
280
435
200
146
300
187
250
160
400
7
Castor
340
600
1040
746
810
4754
1200
1650
500
12772
500
8
Cotton
70496
88618
324
41947
480
39931
650
92577
1500
132550
580
9
Turmeric
13509
12595
1100
12782
960
14560
1300
15823
1550
21750
1180
10
Chillies
9230
7402
1450
10485
1600
13500
2100
4521
1750
2656
2000
Area and Productivity during the Kharif season